RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores sociodemográficos e de estilo de vida associados à obesidade abdominal em crianças de escolas públicas de Barbacena, Minas Gerais. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal realizado com 326 escolares de sete a nove anos, matriculados em escolas da zona urbana da cidade. As variáveis antropométricas avaliadas foram peso, estatura, índice de massa corpórea por idade, circunferência da cintura e relação cintura-estatura. O consumo alimentar foi registrado pelo Questionário Alimentar do Dia Anterior. A obesidade abdominal foi avaliada com base na circunferência da cintura e relação cintura-estatura. As análises bivariada e multivariada foram realizadas por meio de regressão logística, estimando-se a Odds Ratio (OR) bruta e ajustada, com os intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: A prevalência de excesso de peso foi de 30,7%, enquanto a prevalência de obesidade abdominal foi de 9,2 e 12,6%, de acordo com circunferência da cintura e relação cintura-estatura, respectivamente. Crianças do sexo masculino (OR 2,76; IC95% 1,22–6,25) e de escolas centrais (OR 2,73; IC95% 1,08–6,80) tiveram maior chance de apresentar obesidade abdominal segundo a circunferência da cintura. A obesidade abdominal, de acordo com a relação cintura-estatura, associou-se à localização central das escolas (OR 2,18; IC95% 1,02–4,63) e à omissão da ceia (OR 2,01; IC95% 1,00–4,09). Conclusões: Os achados mostraram que ser do sexo masculino, estudar em escola central e omitir a ceia foram os principais fatores de risco associados à obesidade abdominal.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with abdominal obesity in children from public schools in Barbacena, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 326 students aged 7 to 9 years from public schools in the urban area of the city. Anthropometric data included body weight, height, body mass index according to age, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio. Food consumption was evaluated using the Previous Day Food Questionnaire. Abdominal obesity was assessed based on waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio. The bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed by logistic regression, estimating the crude and adjusted odds ratio (OR), with 95% confidence interval. Results: The prevalence of overweight was 30.7%; whereas the prevalence of abdominal obesity was 9.2 and 12.6% according to waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio, respectively. Boys (OR 2.76; 95%CI 1.22–6.25) and children from central schools (OR 2.73; 95%CI 1.08–6.80) presented an increased chance of abdominal obesity according to waist circumference. Abdominal obesity according to waist-to-height ratio was associated with the central location of the schools (OR 2.18; 95%CI 1.02–4.63) and the habit of skipping supper (OR 2.01; 95%CI 1.00–4.09). Conclusions: The findings showed that being a boy, studying in a central school, and skipping supper were the main risk factors associated with abdominal obesity.

ABSTRACT People who interact with leprosy patients in their environment, neighborhood, family, or social relationships are at risk to develop the disease. This systematic review investigated the risk and protective factors associated with the development of leprosy in Brazilian contacts. The studies were found in Cochrane Library, PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, Virtual Health Library, grey literature and hand search until July 2021. The study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were independently performed by two investigators. The quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020160680). Seventeen articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria (n=544). The immunological and molecular factors, such as Anti-phenolic Glycolipid Antibodies (Anti-PGL-1) seropositivity, negative Mitsuda test, absence of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) scar, positive Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in blood; age and race; conviviality, education, contact time and type of contact, as well as elements related to the index case (bacilloscopic index; genetic conditions, family relationships), and some combined factors were shown to be relevant risk factors associated with the development of the disease in Brazilian leprosy contacts. The protective factors reported were the presence of one or more BCG scars, positive Mitsuda test, and education level. All selected studies were considered of high quality according to NOS. The knowledge of disease-related risk and protective factors provides the scientific basis for decision-making in the management of the disease in leprosy contacts.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Rheumatic diseases (RDs) are a group of pathological conditions characterized by inflammation and functional disability. There is evidence suggesting that regular consumption of polyphenols has therapeutic effects capable of relieving RD symptoms. OBJECTIVE: To synthesize data from randomized controlled trials on administration of polyphenols and their effects on RD activity. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review conducted at Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in the databases PubMed (Medline), LILACS (BVS), IBECS (BVS), CUMED (BVS), BINACIS (BVS), EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library and in the grey literature. The present study followed a PRISMA-P checklist. RESULTS: In total, 646 articles were considered potentially eligible, of which 33 were then subjected to complete reading. Out of these, 17 randomized controlled trials articles were selected to form the final sample. Among these 17 articles, 64.71% assessed osteoarthritis (n = 11), 23.53% rheumatoid arthritis (n = 4), 5.88% rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgia (n = 1) and 5.88% osteoarthritis and rheumatoid (n = 1). Intake of polyphenol showed positive effects in most of the studies assessed (94.12%): it improved pain (64.70%) and inflammation (58.82%). CONCLUSION: Polyphenols are potential allies for treating RD activity. However, the range of polyphenol sources administered was a limitation of this review, as also was the lack of information about the methodological characteristics of the studies evaluated. Thus, further primary studies are needed in order to evaluate the effects of polyphenol consumption for reducing RD activity. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTER: PROSPERO - CRD42020145349.